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1) Cesare Lombroso was once renowned as the father of criminology.
- aTrue
- bFalse
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2) The assignment of labels is often determined by external social control agents and may attach to and consume the identity of individuals.
- aTrue
- bFalse
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3) The term that describes an absence of norms and is characterized by the breakdown of social norms and rules is _________.
- aStrain
- bHelplessness
- cAnomie
- dSocial expectation
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4) All the following are physical characteristics that Lombroso used to label criminals except:
- aThickness of skull bones
- bHair type
- cPigmentation of the skin
- dHair color
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5) The school of thought that states behavior is determined by biological traits is __________.
- aPositivist
- bClassical
- cCriminal
- dMedical
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6) All the following are elements of the social bond with society that help minimize deviance except _________.
- aAttachment
- bEmployment
- cCommitment
- dInvolvement
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7) Conformity is the least common of the five modes of adaptation.
- aTrue
- bFalse
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8) With little planning in regard to long- term goals, some delinquents live for the moment and immediate gratification refers to _________.
- aNonutilitarianism
- bShort term hedonism
- cGroup autonomy
- dNegativist
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9) __________ is a relatively mild personality disorder typified by excessive anxiety and social maladjustment.
- aDeviance
- bNeurosis
- cSociopath
- dSchizophrenic
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10) A person who denies responsibility and attempts to shift the blame to someone else is engaging in__________.
- aDenial of victim
- bCondemnation of the condemners
- cDenial of injury
- dDenial of responsibility
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11) A sociopath is thought to be dangerous, aggressive, is not deterred by punishment, and does not learn from past mistakes.
- aTrue
- bFalse
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12) Common goals and traits the unite members into a subculture are _________.
- aReference points
- bCriminal values
- cConventional beliefs
- dCultural context
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13) Thin, frail, and introverted individuals were classified as mesomorphs by Sheldon.
- aTrue
- bFalse
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14) Some behaviors of subcultural groups may be seen as deviant by conventional societal standards.
- aTrue
- bFalse
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15) Members of a subculture generally disagree with most cultural aspects of the prevailing society.
- aTrue
- bFalse